They are extending concepts and experiments in pulse power studied at Sandia National Labs. The Sandia Z Machine used currents of about 26 million amps to reach peak X-ray emissions of 350 terawatts and an X-ray output of 2.7 megajoules. It had thousands of experimental firings from 1996 to 2006.

The Fuse startup has already created dozens of modules which will be used in the first terawatt driver unit. The Terawatt Titan driver should be done at the end of this year (2023).

They have made over 5 of rings of the total of about 15 rings of 16 units each. This would be 240 modules. The modules will each handle about 200,000 amps. This will be far less than the millions of amps that each part of the Z machine had to handle. The large amounts of current increased the costs and maintenance of the Z Machine.

The Kleenex box sized modules are the same repeating modules for all of the drivers. This means the system is leveraging mass production of mostly common and repeated units.

The Z machine had 6 stages, but the Fuse devices will have one stage.