Breaking News
CODEX 9/11 
Third Time's The Charm: SpaceX Starship Megarocket Blasts Off From Starbase
First Ever: Technocracy Roundtable Streaming Today
Comcast Network Horror: Summer Ratings Crash 49%, Advertisers In Major Bind
Top Tech News
Magnetic Fields Reshape the Movement of Sound Waves in a Stunning Discovery
There are studies that have shown that there is a peptide that can completely regenerate nerves
HERE COMES THE MOTHERSHIP
Swedish startup unveils Starlink alternative - that Musk can't switch off
Video Games At 30,000 Feet? Starlink's Airline Rollout Is Making It Reality
Automating Pregnancy through Robot Surrogates
SpaceX launches Space Force's X-37B space plane on 8th mystery mission (video)
This New Bionic Knee Is Changing the Game for Lower Leg Amputees
Grok 4 Vending Machine Win, Stealth Grok 4 coding Leading to Possible AGI with Grok 5
Venus Aerospace Hypersonic Engine Breakthroughs
Racing to Exawatt Class Lasers and Beyond
Peak laser intensity demonstrations have occurred on specific Nd:glass-based lasers:
* the Vulcan PW in the UK at 1 × 10^21 W/cm2 (2004);
* the Ti:sapphirebased HERCULES laser at the University of Michigan, USA at 1 × 10^22 W/cm2 (2004)
* J-KAREN-P in Japan at 1 × 10^22 W/cm2 (2018)
* record intensity of 5.5 × 10^22 W/cm2 was demonstrated at the CoReLS laser (2019)
Even the highest-peak-power laser systems (10 PW and beyond) proposed or already in commissioning make no exception to this trend and largely predict intensities of only up to 10^23 W/cm2
(notably L4-ELI, EP-OPAL , SULF and SEL).
A fundamental physics or engineering limit is not clear; however, material challenges such as imperfect diffraction gratings, optics and gain materials reduce the overall laser focusability in time and space.
The steady ascent of Ti:sapphire, OPCPA and Nd:glass technologies upward in peak power has, with the construction of several ten to multi-tens of petawatt systems, nearly reached the ∼100 PW limit of metre-scale gold diffraction gratings.